Cervical osteochondrosis: causes, symptoms and treatment

The osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is a gradual dystrophy process of intervertebral discs.

Symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are characterized by strong pain on the neck, head, shoulders and surprising everyone, regardless of age.

Definition of osteochondrosis

The neck osteochondrosis was much younger.Starting from puberty, young people suffer from them.The neck is the weakest part of the spine.Seven vertebrae and muscle frame adjacent to each other develops worse than the rest of the departments.The neck is exposed to serious loads because it serves as the support of the cranial box and is constantly in motion.

What is cervical osteochondrosis?The food of the intervertebral discs is performed by diffusion from neighboring tissues.The disruption of blood flow to the tissues surrounding the vertebrae gives nutrition and lack of water.The hunger of the disc nucleus leads to degenerative processes.

The enlarged bone tissue near the vertebrae, the intermittent intervertebral discs, the transmitted nerves and ties are first manifested by decreased performance symptoms.At first, high -density pain passes to neck, head, shoulders, heart, arms, upper chest, lower extremities.Each of the seven vertebrae sends signals to other departments.The squeezed nerve roots are reflected in the condition of other body systems.

Especially for dangerous brain osteochondrosis.The vertebral artery passing through it performs the function of providing blood flow to the back of the brain.Pushing, not subject to painkillers, usually leads to headaches that turn into migraines.Neck osteochondrosis may be accompanied by dizziness, visual impairment and hearing, nausea, vomiting.Then, due to lack of oxygen in the brain, sudden fainting, pharyngeal symptoms occur.The compression of the vertebral artery leads to the ischemia of the spinal cord and the brain.The exacerbation of the process causes the spine descent.

Basic processes for disease

The neck osteochondrosis should be considered from the interaction of physiological and pathological factors:

• Physiological process:Aging of a cartilage spine occurs due to natural irreversible reasons.There are changes in the middle part of the intervertebral disc.The process of changes in the body in the body leads to replacement of the dough with a fiber tissue;
• Pathological process:Degenerative changes occur in intervertebral structures, the destruction of the surrounding vessels and nodes.Changes occur outside the cartilage itself, the compression of the blood vessels, the irritation of the nerve endings.A person feels the painful symptoms of a local and reflected nature.

Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine obtains a pathological form when physiological aging changes with a pathological process.At first, the body's compensatory and protective mechanisms that eliminate the disease are triggered.Therefore, osteochondrosis may only pass or occur episodic.However, this function is not eternal.

The progression of the disease, which is expressed in the compression of vascular and nerve structures, accompanies the following processes:

• Spondyolistz, the spine is slipping.Even a slight displacement leads to the development of paralysis.Serious displacement ends with death;
• PulpoPoose seeds are impregnated with calcium salts.This leads to a violation of disk nutrition and provokes hernia formation;
• The intervertebral hernia was caused by the swelling of the intervertebral disk between the vertebrae.Ignoring the therapeutic measures stagnant paralysis;
• The emergence of micro cracks in the fiber ring, the development of protrusion.It appeared according to intervertebral disk limits;
• Spondylosis means erosion of the vertebrae.Osteophytes occur - the growth of bone tissue in the form of hooks and pointed ends localized on the edges of the vertebral objects.Severe pain occurs and the hardness of movements as a result.

Causes of cervical ostekondrosis

An increase in the load in the cervical region leads to the body's attempt to compensate for the situation.Thus, start deformation of muscle cramps, deterioration of blood circulation.The structure of the vertebrae changes.The reason may also be a progressive discz caused by long -term physical effort.

The main factors provoking the beginning of cervical osteochondrosis:

• Hipodynamia;
• weakening of immunity;
• Extreme physical effort;
• The existence of injuries of the spinal cord;
• Nutrition of necessary substances, lack of obesity and receipt;
• Problems with posture (scoliosis, flat foot, rheumatism);
• hereditary factor;
• autoimmune diseases that cause degeneration of cartilage tissue;
• stress, long -term nerve tension;
• Climate factor, cold and moisture;
• Congenital abnormalities of the spinal cord.

The main causes of osteochondrosis, disproportionate of the load in the spine, very weak muscle corset.Thirty years later, people, especially the days in the sitting position for a long time is at risk.

Development Stages

The progression of osteochondrosis of the cervical region can be divided into several stages:

• First, pre -clinical.Small vertebral deformations are characterized by smoothness of cervical lordosis.Pain is felt with the sharp movements of the head, fatigue occurs.The development of the disease can be prevented without drugs.It is necessary to balance your food, to choose exercises, to make preventive measures;
• Latter.An unstable situation is established between the vertebrae.The vertebral shifts of the vertebrae appear relative to each other, Thuria - rotation around the spine.The pain intensifies when the neck moves on the shoulders and hands from time to time.The height of the intervertebral discs decreases, which leads to the compression of the nerves.The distraction is characterized by signs such as fatigue, pain in the head;
• Third stage.The height of the intervertebral disk is decreased according to the discs above.Deforms begin to appear in the intervertebral joints.There is a decrease in the lumen of the intervertebral holes in the duct's duct.Strong pain is constantly felt.The muscles of the hands begin to match due to the onset of hernia formation of intervertebral discs.Cervical region loses flexibility.The patient feels dizziness, weakness.

The height of the intervertebral disk is significantly reduced.Intervertebral discs are replaced with connective tissue.Large osteophytes occur behind the cervical area.The vertebral channel is very narrowed and provokes the development of myelopathy.The patient's condition worsens, corrupted coordination, dizziness, severe pain, ears are accompanied.

Symptoms

The symptomatic picture of neck damage is different from the disorders in other departments.This is due to a more intense arrangement of the vertebrae than each other.Due to the low height of intervertebral discs, it begins to appear even with clinical mild pathologies.Symptoms of damage will vary depending on which of the eight nerve roots are damaged.There is a nerve under each of the seven vertebrates, the compression has its own symptoms.

The problems in the first two vertebrae disrupt the sensitivity of the back of the head.Ağrı is located in the parietal, oxipital area.The lesion of the nerve end of the third vertebrae is rare.Symptoms are manifested by the numbness of a fixed area, language, speech problems.The fourth spine signals on the collarbone, pain and numbness on the shoulder and numbness.It can create difficulties in breathing, pain in the heart.The disease of the fifth segment causes pain on the shoulders and decreases in the sensitivity of the limbs.

The lesions of the sixth and seventh vertebrae are the most common among patients.Neck, shoulder knives, forearms, waist, back suffer.Hands and fingers have numbness.Pathological changes in the eighth nerve root are characterized by the spread of pain in the lower extremities.There is a loss of sensitivity of the skin, small fingers match the arms and legs.Cutted blood circulation causes the feet, hands.

The common symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis are as follows:

• Pain spreads to the upper body and the bottom;
• Weakness, decrease in the sensitivity of hands;
• Difficulty in movements, crackling;
• Coordination, a bell, noise in the ears, noise disorder, weakness, with a sense of dizziness;
• nausea, vomiting;
• Language, fingers and legs numbness, worsening hearing, vision.

Diagnosis of cervical ostecondrosis

In order to determine the degree of damaged intervertebral discs and diseases, the doctor needs to perform a series of examination: radiography, MRI, CT (computed tomography), ultrasound duplex scanning.The most accurate way to examine the health of the cervical region is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).The aim of MRI is to identify pathological changes in the tissues of the spinal cord and intervertebral hernia, especially in the spine.After the patient's examination and investigation, after an examination, the participating neurologist preliminary diagnosis and prescribes treatment.

TREATMENT

If osteochondrosis is suspected, you should consult a neuropathologist.The duration of treatment fulfills the age of the person, the severity of cervical osteochondrosis such as treatment, and the patient's recommendations.Totally treatment of serious osteochondrosis forms is impossible.The aim of the complex treatment is to slow down the pathological process and the elimination of symptoms.Therapy can combine both conservative, operational or both of these areas.If headache increases, it is necessary to start treatment as early as possible.

The cervical spine has two main types of treatment to get rid of osteochondrosis:

• Drugs taken by taking medication;
• Physiotherapy contains UHF, electrophoresis, ultrasound, magnetotherapy, laser treatment courses.They remove blood flow, metabolism, muscle spasm.

Drug therapy is used to weaken the compression of the peripheral areas (central nervous system) of the central nervous system and the balance of pain during the exacerbation of the disease.Treatment is not stopped after eliminating acute symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis.Physiotherapy procedures are prescribed.It is necessary to massage regularly to the collar area.Folk remedies are also used.

Drug treatment of osteochondrosis

Treatment with drugs will only have a complete effect with massage, for example, physiotherapy exercises (exercise therapy).Drugs are designed to alleviate pain, recover the regeneration of the cartilage, and activate the blood circulation in the affected tissues of the neck.

Many doctors prescribe injection for a more effective effect on nerve endings.However, vitamins are taken in the form of the best tablets, because injections are very painful.In order to have an anti -inflammatory effect, the doctor brings intra -muscle injections.

Main drug types for therapy:

• Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).It has an analgesic effect, they produce the aseptic inflammatory process, swelling of the spine.With significant symptoms of the disease, injections are made twice a day with these drugs.Use outward creams;
• Chondroprotectors.Activate metabolism, renew the cartilage fabrics.Eliminate the damage of intervertebral discs.There are injection drugs for the application of joints and muscles.The course of the therapy is made up to 4 months;
• B vitamins (B1, B2, B6), E, A, C, DIt contributes to the healing of metabolism in tissues and catalyzes its restorations;
• Musorelaxants.For relaxation of spasmodic muscles.Tablets are used for a month.In a serious form of the disease, some types of drugs are used;
• Drugs to activate blood flow in the brain,Reological features of blood.

As additional drugs are used to accelerate healing:

• Angioprotectors- Injection forms of drugs are designed to activate blood flow in the vessels and strengthen the tone of blood vessels;
• Glucocorticosteroids- Reduce swelling and inflammation in the form of injection;
• Biogenic stimuli.Accelerate metabolic processes, helping to recover the destroyed fabrics.

PHYSIOTHERAPY

Physiotherapeutic methods act as an additional task for drug treatment, significantly activates the rate of healing, prolongs the remission phase and reduces the frequency of exacerbations.

Physiotherapy Methods:

• Exercise therapy- This is one of the most effective methods of treating osteochondrosis.Regular classes activate blood circulation and contribute to the restoration of damage;
• massageImproves nerve conductivity, restores muscle tone;
• MagnetotherapyRemoves swelling from fabrics;
• Laser treatmentIt moves with a concentrated optical light bundle.Triggers the healing processes in the body;
• reflexology- Activation of certain points.Increases immunity, alleviates spasms and pain in the neck;
• ultrasoundAnalgesic gives an anti -inflammatory effect;
• Electrophoresis using medical plants.The electrical current helps to penetrate drug ions to a certain place.

Manual treatment, thermotherapy and fender are also used to get rid of cervical osteochondrosis.All these methods slow down the progression of the disease.

Osteochondrosis cannot be treated with herbs, but they help to alleviate the condition by accompanying the main treatment.Mix 2 teaspoons of bee honey with two tablets mummy.The mixture is heated and applied to a hot scarf tied by the neck at night.Biostimizing features of honey perfectly complete the treatment.For friction, measures in tincture and glasses prepared from 1.5: 0.5: 1 ratio of radishes, vodka and honey are used.You can bend three large lemon with a meat mill with four garlic slices.Pour the mixture into a two liters of jar with boiling water.After mixing the content, drink half a glass of an empty stomach.Pain can also be removed by heating with mustard plasters and peppers.

Therapeutic exercises

During the recovery period, you can perform a therapeutic charging complex for the neck.LFK is based on several dynamic exercises.Gymnastics should not be done with exacerbation.When doing exercises, it is recommended to monitor the appearance of discomfort, unacceptable.

You should raise the upper body according to your hands from the stomach in the stomach.A delay of 1-2 minutes.Enter the starting position and repeat 2-3 times.Then you need to extend your hands along the body.The heads of the head are made 6-7 times on the right and left and try to take the floor with his ear.To sit.Tilt the case forward with inspiration, leans on the head chest.On the breath, leaning back, threw his head back.10-15 slopes are sufficient.Now you need to put your palms on your forehead and put mutual pressure for 30 seconds.Repeat 2-3 times.To ensure that the head returns 10 times in all directions.If the head starts to rotate, the exercise should be discontinued.

Complications

The cervical region is rich in blood vessels and nerve endings that feed the brain.The slightest jams are harmful to the whole body, disrupts blood circulation in the brain and causes neurological disorders: migraine, the heart's malfunctions, respiratory system, vision, hearing, hypertension.Vertebral artery syndrome, which occurs with an advanced form of neck disease, ischemia of the brain, spine stroke is particularly dangerous.When radiculopathy occurs, mobility disappears.Spinal cord grain leads to death.

In order to prevent surgical intervention in cervical osteochondrosis treatment, you should not withdraw with a doctor in the first symptoms.In addition to all existing therapy methods, lifestyle should be used to use a change in nutrition.